Oral devices for sleep apnea: do they work?

Individuals who suspect they are suffering from sleep apnea may turn to oral devices as a first port of call to improve their sleep quality, rather than taking time to complete a sleep test for an accurate diagnosis. Traditional CPAP machines remain the gold standard for treating sufferers of sleep apnea, although those with moderate or mild sleep apnea may benefit from using oral devices for sleep apnea. Read on to learn more about how these devices work, whether they offer any true benefit, and how best to use them.

What is Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea is a sleep disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by interrupted breathing during sleep, or apnea events, which can lead to serious health complications. These include cardiovascular problems, daytime fatigue, and decreased quality of life. While continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machines are the most common treatment, many individuals find them uncomfortable or inconvenient when starting therapy, leading to a low success rate and the search for viable alternatives, like oral appliances.

How Oral Appliances for Sleep Apnea Work

Oral appliances for sleep apnea are custom-made devices that can help maintain an open airway during sleep. They are designed to be worn in the mouth, similar to a sports mouthguard or a dental retainer. Obstructive sleep apnea results from muscles in your throat relaxing during sleep, thus causing the blockage. These appliances work by repositioning the jaw, tongue, and soft tissues to prevent such airway blockages from happening, and improve breathing, and ultimately sleep quality.

Pros and Cons of Oral Appliances

If you have been diagnosed with moderate or severe sleep apnea, it is unlikely that a health practitioner will recommend an oral device as a solution. However, they can be the first port of call for those who are suffering from mild sleep apnea symptoms but have not yet been diagnosed.

Oral appliances offer some benefits, the primary benefit being comfort. Unlike more traditional CPAP machines, which take some getting used to, oral appliances are non-invasive and generally more comfortable to wear. They don't require masks or hoses, allowing for better freedom of movement during sleep.

Because of their size, oral appliances are compact and easy to carry, making them convenient for travel or use outside the home. Of course, for those using traditional CPAP machines for optimal therapy, there is a range of high-quality travel CPAP machines on the market that are insurance-approved and provide the best level of on-the-go therapy for those suffering from sleep apnea.

Oral appliances are simpler and thus more user-friendly than traditional sleep apnea machines, and may also require less maintenance, although they will still need regular cleaning and replacement.

Types of Oral Appliances for Sleep Apnea

There are various types of oral appliances available for sleep apnea treatment. The most common ones include:

Mandibular Advancement Devices (MADs)

Mandibular Advancement Devices (MADs) are custom-made oral appliances designed to treat sleep apnea and snoring. These devices work by gradually advancing the lower jaw forward, which helps keep the airway open during sleep. One of the key benefits of MADs is their effectiveness in reducing sleep apnea symptoms and improving sleep quality. They are known to alleviate snoring, decrease daytime sleepiness, and enhance overall well-being.

MADs are comfortable to wear and are generally non-invasive. They are typically made by dental professionals who specialize in sleep apnea treatment. However, it's important to note that MADs may not be suitable for everyone. They are generally recommended for individuals with mild to moderate sleep apnea. Severe cases may require alternative treatment options or a combination of therapies.

Despite their effectiveness, some downsides of MADs include potential jaw discomfort, excessive salivation, and the need for regular cleaning and maintenance. Nevertheless, many individuals opt for MADs because of their convenience, improved sleep quality, and the ability to enjoy a good night's rest without the bulkiness and inconvenience of traditional treatments.

Tongue-Retaining Devices (TRDs)

Tongue-Retaining Devices (TRDs) are oral appliances specifically designed to address sleep apnea and snoring by holding the tongue in a forward position during sleep. These devices work by preventing the tongue from obstructing the airway, allowing for better airflow and reduced sleep apnea symptoms. TRDs are particularly beneficial for individuals with tongue-related obstructions or those who may find mandibular advancement devices uncomfortable.

One of the key advantages of TRDs is their ease of use and adaptation. Unlike MADs, they do not require jaw repositioning and are generally easier to get accustomed to. TRDs are typically custom-made by dental professionals experienced in sleep apnea treatment. However, it's important to note that TRDs may not be suitable for everyone and should only be prescribed based on the level of OSA severity. Severe cases may require alternative treatment options, such as traditional CPAP machines.

Many individuals choose TRDs as a viable option for managing snoring due to their simplicity and comfort as a one-size-fits-all solution.

Rapid Maxillary Expansion Devices (RMEs)

Rapid Maxillary Expansion (RME) devices are specialized oral appliances used in the treatment of sleep apnea and other related conditions. These devices are primarily designed to expand the upper jaw and increase the width of the palate. RME devices work by applying gentle and gradual pressure on the maxilla (upper jawbone), which stimulates the growth of new bone and widens the dental arch. This expansion helps to create more space in the airway, reducing airway obstruction and improving breathing during sleep.

The benefits of RME devices extend beyond sleep apnea treatment. They can also be used to address issues such as crowded teeth, crossbites, and narrow arches. By widening the upper jaw, RME devices contribute to better dental alignment and overall oral health.

RME devices are typically prescribed and fitted by orthodontic specialists or dentists with expertise in maxillofacial treatments. The process involves a thorough assessment of the patient's oral structure and specific needs. The device itself consists of an expander that is custom-made to fit the patient's mouth. It is usually worn for a specified duration, and adjustments may be made periodically to achieve the desired expansion.

While RME devices can be highly effective in addressing sleep apnea and related issues, they do have some considerations. The treatment process may involve temporary discomfort or pressure sensations as the expansion occurs. Additionally, regular follow-up visits with the orthodontist or dentist are necessary to monitor progress and make any necessary adjustments.

Overall, RME devices offer a non-invasive and targeted approach to widen the upper jaw, improve airway function, and enhance overall breathing during sleep. If you are considering RME as a treatment option, it is important to consult with a qualified dental professional who can assess your specific needs and guide you through the process for optimal results.

CPAP vs Oral appliance for sleep apnea

While oral appliances offer effective alternatives for managing sleep apnea, it's important to recognize that traditional CPAP machines remain the gold standard for treating this sleep disorder.

While oral devices might help with some airway obstructions, CPAP machines provide continuous positive airway pressure, ensuring a steady flow of air to keep the airway open throughout the night. They are particularly effective for individuals with severe sleep apnea or those who have not found success with oral appliances alone.

CPAP machines offer precise control and customization, allowing for tailored therapy to meet individual needs. Therefore, if you have been diagnosed with sleep apnea, it is essential to consult with a healthcare professional who specializes in sleep disorders to determine the most suitable treatment option for you, whether it be oral appliances or CPAP therapy, to ensure optimal management and improvement of your sleep apnea symptoms.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Are oral appliances suitable for all sleep apnea patients?

Oral appliances can sometimes be recommended for individuals with mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea. However, severe cases may require alternative treatment options or a combination of therapies.

Are oral appliances covered by insurance?

Insurance coverage for oral appliances varies. It's advisable to consult your insurance provider to determine coverage options and requirements.

How long does it take to get used to wearing an oral appliance?

The adjustment period varies from person to person. Initially, wearing an oral appliance may feel unfamiliar, but with regular use, most individuals adapt within a few weeks.

Can I adjust the oral appliance myself?

No, it's essential to consult a dental professional experienced in sleep apnea treatment for any adjustments. They will ensure the proper fit and alignment of the device for optimal effectiveness.

As a leading supplier of durable and home medical equipment (DME and HME), ApriaDirect sources and distributes a wide range of sleep apnea solutions, including CPAP machines from leading brands.

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